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FORGED AXESby James Austin
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In Pursuit of the Forge Welded 3 lb. Viking-Style Hammer

On July 14, 2014 by jaustin

I thought it would be an interesting challenge to develop a 3 pound version of the Viking style hammers I was working on a few months ago.  Those hammers were in the weight range of 24 ounces and made excellent, small blacksmithing hammers.  It seemed natural to try a larger version which was for more general purpose forging.  As in the smaller versions I forge welded faces and peens of high-carbon tool steel to soft steel bodies – in keeping with the older traditions of hammer-making technology. In changing to the larger hammer size I discovered some interesting fine points about hammer design and the forging process. I am now consistently able to hit some of my more subtle design goals regarding the proportions and basic geometry of the hammers. These hammers are all about 5″ long. If I haft them I usually use white oak or hickory.

Hot 3 Pounder No Peen
At this stage the hammer has a welded, high-carbon steel face and has been punched. The peen-end has a cleft which must be opened.
3 Pounder with Peen Insert
Here a thick wedge of high-carbon steel has been fitted into the cleft. It’s important for it to be flush with the hammer body on the sides before welding.
3 Pounder Welded Peen
Now the wedge has been welded – a pretty easy step.
Pair of Hot 3 Pounders
The peens of these hammers have been roughly tapered. The next step is to finish the eyes and shape the profiles.
Pair of Finished 3 Pounders
A pair of finished 3-pound hammers. This asymmetric form is a bit tricky to manage and takes careful smithing right from the beginning.
Hafted 3 Pounder
I haft all of my hammers with simple, straight handles of white oak or hickory. The eye-hole has one full-length taper from top to bottom so ALL of the handle within it locks into the eye.
Ideal Hot 3 Pounder
3 lb. hammer ready to grind and heat treat

1 comment

  • Mitch Perkins August 29, 2018 at 12:40 pm - Reply

    very interesting and informative sequence
    . thanks for sharing this information.
    i have just finished a 2# viking style forged from 1045. I have never done the forge welded faces on a hammer. i think ill give it a try.

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